Circuit-breaker.



. C. BADEAU.

CIRCUIT BRBAKER.

APPLICATION FILED 112.20, 1909.

mama Apr. 9, 1912.

llllnllllll'nlllll I Q. BADEAU. .Y ,i wwf' GIRGUT BBEAKER.

APPLCATION FILED FEB.20,1909.

Aflr'g. ci@ Hmm! m I Q94 4r]- 4 id21/g5 ff 56 7/ all@ j 1 s f Cile/w es /W'WMW BADEAU, OF BOSTN, MASSLCHUSETS, SSIGNGR "O SEARS, E. CG, ille OIE BOSTCN, MASSACHUSETTS.

Specification of 'Letters Patent.

Appea'ten filed February $30, 1909,

[QL Serial No. 479,5203.

uuml i0.

One ef my umiu objects is to make the l r l i l l l l eii'euil heal-zei' exeeiugly lSy ope-mie. 5 'by hund und i'eiy email in ieperl'ieu te ys .zipeeilya and le ueeeuipiisli iaer ieSui all the eui'ieiit' carrying portions ei? he eiicuil' breaker are feiiuefl iu 'liii'i wide se hu thereby i'he surface is large A peeiien 'lie iis hull; ei' eentens.

My nim is to provide zi. emisi'ucion having' minimum i' Slime@ and iuziximuiu radi--4 filing' surface, heiehy p'eyidiug for minimum copper losses due fie heaii'ig. The 65 heatine' ei eleei'ieal fa i mi'i'iiius. Whose imam from :iron iosses thereof) beam u dii'eet` i'eliiiiou ie i'he i'esis'iuice miei radui'uig sui'- 4g Sel, eclgeu'ise pei'xillel i0 ezieh mi ou'ei' ends zu'e braced ejgu'- by :i i'uefi'al'iie Secondary Contact il eliee'u iii eyiiiif'ieal 'lfeitiu und by n -Si'iiiped eeuzie ii'izillei l2 u'hese hi'idg'e portion luspiu'is helene-.ii ih@ opposite blades fir, the upper ends of the deu'ulmug'ine' parallel paris ej seid eeniueli. umher '1Q being' ii'vei'ed fis indien bh dii'eei'ly ile the blades; l. iusului'iug' pluie 15 yesl'e nei'ees edges ei" ,i'he hhule :uid eu ihe 'i3 e the Ueimped eenieei piece 12? for hiziei' l' lhe parli :uid sluipei'iuf; the huule i@ eui'ed 'hei'ee hy my suijuhle means is by e. Screw '17. The. eeiipei'ziiiufg hi'ush cominci is speeiully ieiiued ie eeiipei'zif'e Willi ihe eeuizu'i 1Q, heilig shown hes iii ig. 6, yi'heie ii will he .seen i'hzxt `the lmuiuie en? the hrufah :ii-e heu'i iuie U-shupe. lhe be'iieui ei' iiiiilg- Q ing pmiieu t'hei'eo'lf heilig iudieui'ed. al1 1S :uid i'he ul'irig'hi Wikis nl' if? being lie/icl hy n red Q0 which :ilse iei'iiius :iu iiiiiei' llrshuped Spying meiuhei' 2l vihx ends 22 project upu'ui'dly zuid iii-e deieeied 'wimi'ii euch Oihei, und u U-shuped holdin@ meu"- hei' Q3. ri`he hili'ei is uiude of sgiiii'ib iiiefil., :is Steel. ueiuuilly lending' le Spring euu'm'dly the Saune :is they ends i9 el" the liiush, heiug' held inwardly hy ihe heli' 20 and iii-s FeminineY nuls Thuis'. when it is ci@ Sii'e-(l t0 :uljusi (he hiush eudrl 19 ewurd el' 'i'eui euch Oi'hei' :ill ihut is iieeesszu'y is lo tighten oi' leeb'eu the nuls 24j thereby e; )Wdiug i'he helder Q53 A zuid' hi'ush Oude im 'uid ether ei' peru'uiiuig 'heui le spying parte The uui'estirnined position 01 iihebi'uih is indicated in dotted lines.

Fach blade al is leent diagonally outward i aty 25 at the saine angle as the bereled ends ot the parts lll the brush, so that when `the handle 1G is pressed forward thesey beveled or inclined portiona Q5 engage the hereled ends 19 and there@v get good @intact therewith while the e ntaets l2 enter between the l5) and "22 at the respective sides oit the st'ationaijvv eontaet member in knife-contact position, the inelines 25 serving to press the brush ends l) hard against said contacts 1Q. Thus it will be understood that again one ot my objects is senamely, alliording wide superficial Ling area or surface o't" eoi'itaet. The apsd construction 1S, 19, enables me to e th' lan'iinated member et' identical plates or sli-ips, which is not only an in- -ixifenue construction but facilitates peri 11 'ormit v, and also the U-shape gives an extra amount of Contact: and Conducting` surf-ne to the wedge shape, '.nperal'ing with the diagonal or inclined portion 25 ely small 1G. Also the U-shape provides two surfaees integral with each other,

2 e., the opposite contini-making ends are thereby eleetriealll and mechanically united in at perfect manner. The carbon or sect dar'v eontaet 1l and its eopemting or itl are likewise speciallyY eonstrneted for wing large supertieial, superior conducting, urfaee cont-art of comparat'ivelXv ,sure against the Contact i pressure of the supported on a secondary spring il() mounted between the two ends lil et the U-shaped bridge Contact on the rear end ot the con duetor plate, which serres to clamp the l1ori- .Zontal portion llS ot the brush eontaet immevably in plaee as best ,shown in Fig. t). Bv this provision i am enabled to obtain a relatively long and wide springI 30, which gives free action under likeipressure o't the handle, together with sure eentaet and la rge conducting` surface.

The blade levers l whieh eonstitute the lswirngring lever, are pivoted on a transverse bolt 32, whieh also earriesl a coiled spring :lil the opposite ends of which are 4secured at ill to said levers and the middle portion li thereof passes beneath a transverse stationa1- i' rod 'lt whereb)Y the normal tension of the spring,r maintains the lever always under tension 'to more from the closed posit-ion Fig. 3 to the open position Figi'. l. This operating` spring has three vfunctions, iti opens the breaker, stops or eherksy the opening movementv otl the breaker, and pushesl lateralllv, .see Fig. "t, against. the wide ends T of the clip therebyv compelling` good rontact between the latter and the izorrespoinlingljv wide ends otI the lever bladesy 't. The wl-shape et the Clip (i also aids in nettimev large superficial area ot contactV for the oil 5 of the eleetromagnet, which, in keeping' with all the rest ot the switeh, is thin and wide, see Fig.

`\ll the movin;l parts` o the switch are earried on opposite braekets Eli" ot noir-magr- .s 35 low resistance and intusible eliaraeier, bei" Composed oit a plnralit)7 of Carbon sections netir, material sui'h as brass, bolted at itt, to QT, 1 reterablv in the form @It disks, eaeli. seot the switehlaaird or other support, said bolts4 tion 'i Coppia' nlated as indicated ai 25, also Clamping' the U-shaped iron namber or sri- 'i 'e by; there is a eopper skin tleetronuignei Ill), to whirh is secured the mance covering' not. onl7 at the periphbut on eaeli side oiI eaeh disk, said disks eineA i'lainped together on a transverse bolt 539. The thickness of this Coppe' skin or ,iu-tace is somewhat` exaggerated as .shown r so as' to mak iii more ln practice s is only a thin skin coating which will disappear irinn the periphery ot the dis-ks in Vtrat it arci L at''er a iew oontaets: itsy prime function to pia/anote eianluetivitv bei' the la'tez'a. i

the

, :airfares ot the several isks and its appliration to the l'ieripher)v ot' iese disks in incidental. 'this copper ooatie on the .sidi-s ol the disks' greatly prode: eoni'luitivitj.' between the several distk elements, makin;r them substantiallyv a single ejvlinder when elamped together, so tardas eleetrie Connor-tion is eonoerned. The disks are molded, thereby being;l ystronger and eonetitut'iirL-r better conductors` than the average ont rarhon. and by havingthem plated with Copper and clamped side by side l obtain Superior eontart through to the lever and he tween therespeetive eontaets il and the serondarj; element. The Contact g brat-lofts il? and prmidedlat its ti-ont' 2G of 2G is l terial. movable in a .slot lo ot the yoke ll.

said ystop being' arranged to strike against'- the lower ends ot the brar'ket' 3T. llv this` provision the eli-ruit breaker ran be tripped without danger when alive. t itsy upper end the voke all is provided with projections li constituting, trippingr dogs, movable under the influence ot' the eleetromagnet land aimature. into trippingl engagement' againstdepending ends or dogs t5 ot' a looking' detent or latch d) pivoted at itl to the et Ie with a lip 5l backed b v a metal block b3 normall1 hanging down in the position full .lines in the flrznviigigni Vlo inerel'hip snfl'ieientl7 n roll or hitch ol hi v or other nen-rimting metal projecting from the .rear side of the operating; lever t und supported by a U-shziped bracket 34teiirrietl thereby. The, parts 5l and are Wide, the extent; of the roll or hitch 53 being best shown *in Fig. 8, so thatJ the presl@ure 'per square ineli is reduced, thun making ifl lle the use o't non-rustingmetal. These parts are usually very snizxll and narrow :intl nnule of iron7 So that. they sometimes runt together ivith resulting` hirgje zinnige An ein iii limits the iloivnivnrd or locking position of the catch 429.

En une, the hzunlle itl' is pref-neil llorivni'tl troni the position Fig. l to the position ltigs. :unl il, :nul ivith verf." little. pre sure there.- on the wiziperziting eontziets 1L, .lil und ll, .i :ire lnfought together unil the switch iS l'. :liefl by 'the eiigzigeinenty of the hiteh 5l beneath the entf-h 31. Upon the oeeurrenee shown in terloel: or

of 'in ererlozxct, the arnmture l! :ittrziototl bv the nnzgnet tt, therNoi,v ruining the (logA t xg-.iint the fletent inemher -Ll-) :intl thereby (lin-engaging the members 5lv :Wi-lt whereupon the sikn'ii'rg; -l'f instnntly .swings the :switch open.

it- *.vill lie n'oerveil lhztt :ill the inovnhle pit* *A of the sivi'l'eh. i. e.. the lever. nrnniture. tripiriingmech-(mimi, ete.`r :ire fastened together :intl eazrrieil hv the hrnehets 3T so [hut :all the mitinstinent.-` nnrv he inixhetl :it the tlztetory1 thereby permitting` the eirrzuit lirezilfer to he sent out` right. without requiring; further attention. Also the eireuit lneziher is verj7 .untill in proportiml to it` enpneity. This is the nmin ohjeet. ot' niv inventioin Viz., to ennhle the circuit hrenlter to currv :in extrn lui-ge zuuounlvo'lE current. per pouinl ol coppia', intl to this enit :ill the eonilneting,` part-s :ire thin :intl \vi le, thereby giving); :is large n nurture :tren :in pon-.1 hle lor the eontentn. Yeti the eonstruetion is nutlieientlv tront` lor orilinzirv rough uszile'e.

Another rinnon tor milking the, eirruity breaker .in thi:` pnrtieulur forni is that. ny :ill the parte ire, simply pinne.y smooth' parti-1.'requiring merely to he eut` `no expensive, stziniping (liefs nre reo'uirefl. l have silrezitly .inentioniul olher ron-:trinftionul nnrl functional nilv'nntng'es; ol the eireuit hreeiher in the course of the ileseriiitiml thereof.

It ivill he unilerstooil that Home o!" the :texturen otr the invention, is hereinafter Clzlii'netl, are hrmully uen',y other 1 beingl Structural iinprovenients only, :intl neeortling'lv I nii-:h iti. unilerstooil thaty my invention is not liniiteil to the 'letnilS herein shownI exeept :is otherwise reenireil by the claims.

Having (leserihefl my invention., lvl :it l eluiin :is new :ind ilegsire to secureby Letters Patent, is,

1. In un eleetrie switch, n. movable conj eoipefzitn i i :und en teh having it mutual engaging); vvioli I sulistantizilly e .=extensive with the Width of the switeln and ineens for tripping; will latch mechanism.

` 2. ln an eleetrie suiteh, e.. niovnhle cont tzictz n'ielnher, its lever. means for norn'nilli7 holdingl the switch closed. it thit. Spiral tripping coil, :L U-slnipwl eore neeureil iti its iniilille to the center ol will eoil :it one enit of the hitte' and enihrneingthe eoil :it ef lh siete thereof, enrl :i tripping' :u'nmtuie net-u- :itietl by siii/el eore when energized h v the coil. i

3. in :in eleetriev enviteh, :i lnovzihle eontziotinenihtn, its lever. menus tur nornnillv holding; the .sv-.'iteh rloseil, t lint Spirnl tripping` oeil. u. -g-hnpeil eure seeuretl zit itsI niiiltlle to the eeiller o'll Stihl eoil :it one enil oit. the hitter tnnl emlnueing` the eoil it ezu-,h niile thereof, and :i pivotetl nrnmtnre having; .siile portionss niovnble respeet iveljv in the .respeetive tiehlf-` of the Suhl l tiiet member, itslever. :i

opponite eniln'zioing' portions ot' Stihl eore to trip sniil holtliz: wenns, i

tin-nn eleetrie .t-nviteh. :i inovzthle enn- :iet nieniher, its lever. niejnnz tor normally iolilingY the switeh eloSeil. :in eleetroinueetie tripping inerlninisni tor trippingr :mint iohling' n'ienns, ineluiling` n. ill-sl'nlpeil nrnn.- ure enihrneing the eoiiperntive. part ol: s i t .nieehnnisnn :,unl pivoteil to .swineA below the res-t1 ol the switch, Suhl nrinztture. hzivii'ie' zi. pnrt, nihiptetl to he eng'ngeil for operating' the suine.

t3. ln in elertrie swii'eh, u niovz'hle eoninet nieuiher7 ita lever, ineens Il'lor noi'nnillv holdingy the switch elo-.soil` :nul eleetronnienetie'tripping lneehnnisln tor tripping' Suhl I t,

iolilinfbg wenns`r inelinling :i lJ-Hhnpeil nrnniure einhrzxeionthe eoper une' pzirt oi 4will ineelniuisin intl pivoteil to swinel rest ol` tho nwiteh. intl :in innuhiteil lmnitle prolieeting below the. Svviteh tor moving :ifiifl tirn'ntture.

t3. .ln :in eleetrie fnviteh. :i niovihle frontnet nielnher7 its lever, eleerounifguetie trippingl nieelnu'iifnn` :unl hitehingf uieelmnisni. 1 ineliullng- L enteh ot rehvivelv thin phn'eliho nniterinl having' nn nne'uhu' enit-puri l (loufnhzxngjing :it one y li'le ol' szaiil eleetronnur- I net'ie, t-rnipingj ineehzun-im, Suhl eiertroujingjnetie tripping; nieelninirni inrhuline; n. pivoteill nrnnxture ietuzitetl hv :thnorinul eurrent unil havin.;T tripping` niennn extent into the pnth ol' inoven'ient ote #niet lo hanging enti ol' the enteh 'for tripping hitter.

l. .ln :in eleetrie Siviteh, :i inovzihle oontnet neinlm', its lever, eleetronnignetie trip- I pingA ineehfinissm, zum' hitr'fhing` nieelmnisni iii-.finding n. ezitch olt relatively'thin phite like material, U-Shztpetl in cross Heetio, hui' ing its ends floivnhenging,` :it the Sitle'i of the eleetron'izignetie tripping nieehzininni, @nhl helon' the l l l l l l l l l 'the iid nrmiitnrc, trnined by Satill (I :i portion tl. ln :in electric switch, n inovnble coni tiict member, it, lever. :i tint Spnnl tripping coil Standing' in the plane oi niovement of t Siiid lever, intr-hing' mechanism including z dovvnlmngine nt" the side ot smid coil, nn( n pivtzted iirn'izitnre iictnnted h v :ibnornnil current in AQuid coil und hnving tripping' menn. y extending' into the pnth of' movement ot' #nid c qxtcl tot' tripping' the hitter.

ttl. ln nn electric sivitel|` e. inovaible contzn-t member. :i pivoted cnrrli'ine lever therejmovenient. .luid Ushztped contnct member dnctt r portien v itt it Sider staindinc' in itis' pinne ot @winning movement :it the pivot. :i

tripping coil having end ccndnctor clips in tint elmim'enien with sind lever ends. :ind :i

,Spring nt ynid pivot pressing' siden'ne to' hold #nid cliph und ends lmrd-pre ed to- Ltilltl.

i ll. in :in electric Snitch; :i movnlile con tnct memlie n i'iivoted cummingv lever there- Vt'or hnvine opposite thin ivide tlzlt end-conductor portion y nt it4 siditzintline in it`y plfine ot' mvine'infg movement :it the pivot`r n tripping t-oil inivine end conductor clips in lint cngfne'ement ivitli nid lever endg. :intl n spring' :it #nid pivot pre-#infr Siden'iee to hold sind clip 4 :ind

with #nid lcvctl tor giving Enid levell nn initinl opening movement :ind clic-chin;y the opening' movement when the Switch inllv opened.

l2. ln :in electric switch. n movable contnct. member. :i pivoted eiirrvinfi lever there- Vtor hnving' tint end conductor portions :it its opposite Sides' nt #nid pivot` :ind tripping,r mechanism including: tripping toil lmving :it one end n l:-'h;ipcd clip with `thin tint end1 holdingy tint :ieaiinnt the end portion` ot artid lever. i

lil. Vin :in electric Switch, :i monble contnct mtnnber. n pivoted czirrving lt l l'oiliiivine tint. end conductor iliortions oppo ite sides :it Siiid pivot. :ind tripi inechnnism including n tint, Spizil coil o" thin thit ribbon. :ind n J-shziped clip Sec-tired to the inner end of Suid coil hnving thin vvidc endA held liit against the endel o'l strict lever :it said pivot..

end lntrd-pre.-sed tov Li-ther. #nid spring lmvine :ibo connection Stihl ctitch pivoted to Hving in sind pinne inni i l to the inner end of said coil;

l5. ln :in electric switch, a movable contact. member, :i piroted carrying lever there 'for haring' tint end condnet-or portion it its oliniosite Sides :it Said pivot` tripping|- mech- Cnteh.

einem including zi tint ,pirnl coil of' thin tint ribbon. :ind n U-Shnped clip Secured to the inner end ot ,mid coil hiiviireT thin wide ende held tint iigninst the ends ott' smid lover nt pivot` and :i U-shnped core haring its y die portion seein-ed nlf o to the inner end i Suid coil.

iti. ln nn electric switch` n movable contnct member hnring` n U-.Qnhnpe lform Whose oi'iiioite end` constitute knife contnctgn pivoted lever having' oppoeite plate-like sid storni edgeivi'tf in the ililiine of ite swingiin being lwenred :it the free end ot sind lever und brfujfed :it it Side b v sind opposite `nde members oi the lever, und coopernting Stationnr;` contzicht tor engaging the opposite i end V oi' .said U-slmped movnble. Contact mem- 1T. ln :1n electr-itl switch` n movable contnct member linvinY n U-Shnpe torni Whose oppnaite end constitute hnite contztct n pivoted lever hiiving oppo ite plate-like Side"y A tond edgeivie in the pinne olil it; inviiite-ineA movement. Said U-Shnped ContactI4 member being Secured :it the Vt'ree end of sind lever :ind brneed :it it@ Side bv #nid oppoitc side members otVx the lever, :ind cooperating Stationery commenl l'or engaging the oppo- Site end 4 ol iid U :l `peil moviible contati-t member. the Side@ ol; sind lever ndint'rent, the end portions ot' mid Ushnpetl movable contnct member hnving oblitpielv ilnring portions Yfor \ved; ;in`' zieiiinst ,Quid Sitntionnrkiv contacteivhen the svvitch i5 cloSed.

1S. n :in electric Switch. :i brnh eontnct compoeed ot n plnriilitv ot Qnperpoeed lnminee all oit snbstnntinll;v the sinne length bentv to Ushnpe. cooperatingcontnct menne for nmlv'ing' :ind breakingl contziet therenitln the opposite ends of Snid U-shnped member beingr normnllv nnder tentllenciY to move npzirt, :ind clmnpinif mennS tor holding them toward euch other in opposition to sind tendency. f it). in zin electric switch, :i brtnh Contact composed ot :i plnrnlit)Y otI sinnerposed lanninte all ot snbstnntinllv the sanne length bent to U-shnpe. cooperating- Contacty means for melting` :ind breathing' Contact therewith, the opposite ends of said 5i-shaved member bcing' ornnilly under tendency to move apart,

the stationary contact to engage therewith,4

a carrying lever for said movable contact, a wide l'lat secondary contact spring mounted between the projecting ends of the stationary Contact and extending diagonally forward beyond the latter, a secondary contact carried at the end of said spring, and a cooperating secondary Contact carried by the free end of said lever.

'ver having Separated plate-like side, Said movable Contact havingr U shape for joining kthe free'ends of said separated plate-like sides, said handle being fastened to said connectingr movable contact for strengthening the latter and bracing said sides of the lever. i In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' CHARLES C. BADEAU. Witnesses:

GEO. H. MAXWELL, M. J. SrALnING. 

